Monday, October 5, 2015

Project Manager Interview with Sierra

At 18 years old, Sierra was employed by a Northern California construction company in the payroll department.  Before long, she was given small, additional duties assisting ongoing projects.  As her talent and potential in the role was recognized, she was continually tasked with increasingly complex roles and greater responsibility under the mentorship of the owner.  She credits his confidence in her ability and guidance as an invaluable catalyst to her growth and success.  Her title soon evolved to project manager and Sierra managed her first $1 million project at 20 years old.  She now has over 10 years of experience in the project manager field.  
Her career progressed as the company grew and project bids were won.  She enjoyed the high stress environment, the problem-solving, organizing, and working with a diverse set of people.  The less enjoyable part of the career is that the stress was not left at work; it permeated her off time as well.  She would bring work home, always be on-call for problems, always worrying if the project was progressing as planned and if the budget was running over- would it be possible to fix.  These are the by-products of caring about the job and you have to care in order to do the job well, but it can be overwhelming at times. 
When discussing the field of Project Management, Sierra identified communication, organization, and an ability to work under pressure as the most important skills to bring to the career.  In her experience, the technical side can be taught and team members can be assigned the tech-heavy duties, but being able to communicate needs, obtain key information, and monitor an entire project are skills the project manager must have and are much harder to teach.  No introverts in this field.  With the many moving parts of projects, one broken piece can impact the entire project and one must be able to work with all kinds of people in order to make the project come together. 

Three keys to success:
  1.   Know who to assign to specific jobs.  For example, some people are best at new projects, others with modification jobs.  Some people are best for military contracts, others with school projects.  Assigning man hours based on the capabilities of the team members is important.     
  2.  Double check budgets yourself.  The project team’s estimator will present their final estimate at the beginning of the project meeting.  How the estimate was developed is discussed openly.  Your own estimate should be completed with separate interviews of subcontractors in order to compare and contrast the final numbers.  Having a second set of eyes will catch missing pieces and lower the risk of running over budget.  Any discrepancies are discussed and strategized.  At the end of the day, there are no excuses only unhappy customers and diminished reputation (and possibly your job) if you get it wrong.
  3. People communicate differently; figure out how to get the information you need.  For example, she worked with one subcontractor who would simply not return phone calls.  Once she realized this she tried e-mail.  If that didn’t work, she would make a personal visit to their office.   You will work with people who yelled at you, people who simply wouldn’t do what they should, but you have to work through it, shutting down is not an option.


  As a final note, Sierra has found that working in project management has helped her to better handle projects in her personal life and to become a natural leader.  She finds herself assuming the leadership role in daily tasks and many situations outside of work.  It can be hard to let others run the show. Perhaps it can be said, once a project manager, always a project manager.  

Saturday, September 19, 2015

Ideal Characteristics for Safety-Critical Projects

Safety is the most important focus, investment, ideal, culture, policy, and practice that an aviation company can have.  It is often the leading core value, specialization, or mission for an aviation firm.  Day-to-day operations are guided by safety policy, practices and procedures designed to eliminate preventable occurrences, incidents, and OSHA recordables.  They are designed to bring home your husband, your friend, and your colleague.  What about non routine events?  What about planning a project where safety is also of the utmost importance?  Fiona Saunders, in the June/July 2015 Project Management Journal publication, suggests that project planning and management can borrow concepts and characteristics from safety-oriented industries to build a framework for delivering successful safety-critical projects.

Definitions:

Safety-critical – a project or task that is described as safety-critical is one that places safety as the highest prioritized objective.  Cost, time, resources used, these aspects are secondary.
High reliability – a characteristic describing a consistently safe performance in operating environments of high technical complexity, high consequence, and high tempo.

Saunders begins by acknowledging the differences between daily operations and projects and concluding that they are similar enough to warrant the application of her suggested theories.   A portion of the differences in characteristics include permanent and continuous vs transient and temporary, tried and tested technology vs unique or novelty, and a focus on stability vs focus on implementation of change.  A few similarities include consequences of failure are high, safety is overarching priority, highly complex socio-technological systems, and underpinned by key processes.  Research from the U.S. air traffic control system, the nuclear industry, and flight operations aboard two U.S. navy aircraft carriers provide the basis for the potential lessons learned.

An analysis of how high reliability industries support safety-critical operations is presented and there are five main organizational characters found to exist.  The first is clarity of objectives and includes a sense of mission, effective communications, safety as a number one priority, and safety is incentivized.  Strong organizational culture is the second and includes a learning culture, reliability culture, trusting culture, techno/professional culture, and organizational hubris and complacency are challenged.  A presence of redundancy and slack is next, to include redundancy in design, operating equipment and procedures, and conceptual slack (nurture a tolerance for different perspectives and foster skepticism and doubt).  Mindfulness is another key which includes a preoccupation with failure, reluctance to simplify interpretations, sensitivity to operations, commitment to resilience, and an under-specification of structures.  The final characteristic is an ability to prosper in the paradoxes which means decision making that is both centralized and decentralized, processes that are abandoned in urgent situations, and processing multiple interpretations of events and yet not being paralyzed by analysis.  For each characteristic, hypothesized observable practices that could take place in high reliability project organizing are also given.

 To give just one example of an observable practice, it is suggested that areas of ignorance in the project are given the same importance as areas of certainty.  This practice is found in the strong organizational culture characteristic and in my opinion, translates into a thorough risk management plan.  A culture where team members are encouraged to vet out deviations of the plan or which areas might fail requires an environment where speaking of potential problems and issues is encouraged, not diminished.  This is an important distinction because I have experienced culture where suggesting that possible failure translated into me being insubordinate or not a “team-player.”  Treating project members this way will prevent areas of ignorance or potential risk from being mentioned at all.  Such a culture goes against basic safety principles and would certainly not contribute toward a high reliability project.

Reference
Saunders, Fiona C. (June/July 2015). Toward high reliability project organizing in safety-critical projects.  Project Management Journal, volume 46(3). Retrieved from http://www.pmi.org/~/media/Members/Publications/PMJ_v46_JUNJUL_LowRes_locked.ashx  

Wednesday, August 26, 2015

Project Manager Job Openings

An Exploration of Project Manager Job Openings


On August 26, 2015, Careerbuilder.com search results for “project manager” returned 28,893 job listings.  

Monster.com search results for “project manager” in the aviation industry returned 276 job listings.

     Careerbuilder.com and Monster.com returned job openings within various industries and located from coast to coast.  If looking for a project management career, you’ll essentially have your choice of location and can choose an industry of your choosing. 

     To delve deeper into the job postings, I selected four job openings to compare and contrast:

v  Boeing is currently advertising for a Sr Project Manager for their Jeppesen subsidiary. 
v  Virgin Galactic is currently advertising for a Project Manager for their commercial spaceline operations department.
v  Serco Inc. is currently advertising for an ATC Project Manager for federal government support services.  
v  Townsend & Associates is currently advertising for a Project Manager to staff a Fortune 500 company.

     After reading through each job posting, I was able to identify the most common key words used in describing the job’s duties and responsibilities.  Job qualifications were more varied and both categories are presented below in a table for easy comparison:


      The most interesting fact to observe in the table is similarities in the job description versus the dissimilarities in the qualifications portion.  For the same tasks, companies will vary on the background required.  This goes to show the varying techniques that companies use in their talent acquisition strategy and corporate culture. 

     At first glance, I thought it odd that Virgin Galactic has such comparatively low requirements for being such a high tech oriented firm.  It seemed counter-intuitive; they should be seeking the most experienced and successful professionals to lead them.  Then I remembered the kind of company that Virgin is, their emphasis on unconventional everything, and effort to be different.  They don’t want a 10-year professional, they want different.  Their job posting information regarding corporate culture stresses individuality, innovation, entrepreneurial spirit, and humility.  It makes sense now.

     The similarities in job description is not surprising, the field has evolved into a standardized practice with activities that can be adapted to any field.  The similarity is encouraging for students, as they can target their education on these skill sets and know what points to hit on a CV or in an interview.  For professionals, I imagine the similarities are encouraging because changing firms or industries would be less daunting when tasks will remain relatively constant.  The skill set will be easily transferable if one desires a change of scenery or specialty.  

     If you're looking to start a project management career, or a change within the field, there are plenty of opportunities to choose from.  Consistency in the job description is a plus for job-seekers in that topics should not be lacking in a CV or interview scenario.  Consistency, however, does not mean boring.  The diverse nature of the project management duties means no two days will be the same!  Good luck in your search!

Have any more advice to share?  Have a different opinion?  Please share in the comments!